• Pre-Tfh cells are found proximal to CD8α− DCs in the MZ bridging channels.

• The role of IL-6 secreted from CD8α− DCs is minor in inducing Tfh cells.

• CD8α− DCs dominantly induce Tfh cells over other APCs.

By identifying the finest difference between the point-of-care testing and extreme point-of-care infrastructure, this review captures the evolving diagnostic needs of developing countries paired with infrastructural challenges with technological hurdles to healthcare delivery in extreme point-of-care settings. In particular, the requirements for making centrifugal diagnostic devices viable in developing countries are discussed based on a detailed analysis of the demands in different clinical settings including the distinctive needs of extreme point-of-care settings

We present an overview of the current EV isolation and characterization methods in addition to their applications and limitations. Furthermore, EVs as the potential emerging biomarkers in cancer management and their clinical implementation are briefly discussed.

We have developed a fully integrated centrifugal microfluidic device for rapid on-site quantification of lipids from microalgal samples. The fully automated serial process involving cell sedimentation and lysis, liquid-liquid extraction, and colorimetric detection of lipid contents was accomplished within 13 min using a lab-on-a-disc.

Chronoamperometric recordings of a solution in movement mediated by a paper wicking are converted into a given signature hydrodynamic conditions of the porous material. The electrochemical sensor is used to screen porous material characteristics and test fluid flow modifiers potency.

We present a highly efficient lab-on-a-disc composed of TiO2nanofibrous mat for sensitive detection of serum proteins with a broad dynamic range, with only 10 μL of whole blood within 30 min. The TiO2 nanofibers provide high specific surface area as well as active functional groups to capture large amounts of antibodies on the surface.

In this paper, we demonstrated significantly enhanced antibacterial activity of hierarchical anatase TiO2 NFs against Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of UV light. Furthermore, the uniform deposition of a large quantity of Ag nanoparticles on the surface of the TiO2 NFs ensured a significant enhancement of the antibacterial performance, even under dark conditions.

We report the surface modification of thermoplastic nanochannels and an assessment of the associated surface charge density, zeta potential and electroosmotic flow (EOF). Carboxylated PMMA nanochannels were efficient for the transport and elongation of λ-DNA while these same DNA molecules were unable to translocate through aminated nanochannels with lower surface charge density and zeta potential.

In this paper, we propose a centrifugal-force-based size-selective CTC isolation platform that can isolate and enumerate CTCs from whole blood within 30 s with high purity. Overall, our CTC isolation device enables rapid and label-free isolation of CTCs with high purity, which should greatly improve downstream molecular analyses of captured CTCs.

This paper demonstrates the first semiconductor-based nanofiber sensor suspended on carbon electrodes that has achieved by a relatively simple and cost-effective electrospinning method. Furthermore, these sensors demonstrate a high sensitivity, as well as a stable ohmic contact, due to the large surface area of the TiO2 NWs and the carbon-carbon contact between the suspended TiO2/C NFs and carbon electrodes.

This paper demonstrates that molecular detection of food-borne pathogens can be integrated into a single, compact device with great potential as a point of care diagnostic tool. Three main functions, DNA extraction, isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), and detection, are integrated on a single device for the molecular detection of Salmonella.

Roles of small GTPases in lysophosphatidic acid-induced chemotaxis of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells were first investigated using a novel microfluidic assay platform. Real-time tracking of individual cells in the rapid-prototyped multilevel microfluidic devices provided us substantial quantitative information about the chemotaxis of the cells under a linear and stable concentration gradient. This integrative study of cellular chemotaxis would provide us new biological insights, which could not be obtained through the traditional tools for cell migration assays.

Aqueous reagent solution micro-domains with sharp boundaries and defined shapes are created over cell monolayers within an immiscible bulk aqueous phase through rehydration of freestanding and portable dried reagent patches of the corresponding shape....

The molecular mechanism of the interaction between silane, e.g. APTES, with the plasma activated thermoplastic surfaces was investigated. The effect of the type of solvent during the silane deposition step on the thickness, surface morphology, stability and chemical properties of the APTES layer on plasma treated thermoplastics was explored.

We report a novel aqueous phase fluorescent caffeine sensor named Caffeine Orange which exhibits 250-fold fluorescence enhancement upon caffeine activation and high selectivity. To utilize this probe in real life, we developed a microfluidic device to make caffeine detection quick, sensitive and automated.